The Function-Based Capital Cities model refers to capital cities development model where countries have multiple capital cities based on the political and economic function of the said cities.

The most prominent example would be South Africa for having three official capital cities: Pretoria as its administrative/executive capital, Cape Town as its legislative capital, and Bloemfontein as its judicial capital. Additionally, its biggest and most populous city is not among the three, but rather is Johannesburg, which is the main economic hub of the country.

BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Originally founded to explore investment opportunities, the grouping has evolved into a cohesive geopolitical bloc beyond economic interests. Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates subsequently joined the organization in 2024, and as of today, 36 other countries are applying to be members of the organization.

Some countries adopt the 'presumed consent model' for organ procurement, which assumes that individuals are willing to donate their organs upon death, unless they have expressly objected to doing so.

A worker cooperative is an enterprise owned and self-managed by its workers. The profit that the cooperative makes will be redistributed to the members of the organization, usually after setting aside some amount for reinvestment and expansion purposes.